利用人工模拟脉动风压计算高层建筑横风向风振动力反应时程

根据日本规范中提出的横风向脉动风力谱系数函数，利用人工模拟横风向脉动风压时程的方法，提出了一个矩形高层建筑横风向风振反应时程的计算方法供参考。采用Newmark法与Wilson-θ法计算了2栋建筑物顶部的横风向风振反应。计算结果表明，在横风向脉动风压的作用下，结构的风振反应以共振响应为主，非共振响应仅为次要的部分；这与谱分析法得出的结论是一致的；从而说明了计算结果的正确性。这对于正确估算结构的风振反应值，为高层建筑风振控制措施设计提供参考依据是有一定意义的。     

建筑结构横向脉动风压谱密度函数的分析计算

从湍流理论的基本方程出发,导出了建筑结构横向湍流脉动风压谱密度函数的计算公式（非漩涡脱落引起的荷载）.据此公式计算出的结果在一定条件下与刚性模型多点测压风洞试验结果有较好的吻合性.可以由建筑物周围的平均风场分布及脉动风场分布计算这种湍流脉动风压的谱密度函数,为确定结构的横向脉动风荷载提供一定的参考依据.     

大同煤在JLH—D型直立炉中结渣原因的分析

一、前言JLH—D型带蓄热室连续式直立炉是在吸收伍德炉和考贝斯炉型特点及H—75试验炉的基础上,设计而成。该炉型于1988年10月27日首次在大同市建成投产。嗣后,太原气化公司煤气厂新建的2×20门JLH—D型带蓄热室连续式直立炉,于1989年也投入运行。上述二单位所用煤种均是大同侏罗纪二号弱粘煤。从投产到现在的两年多时间内,大同和太原两家JLH—D型炉炭化室墙面都出现了结溶渣现象。所结的熔渣绝大多数出现在炭化室隔墙附近第21～27层炉墙上(如图1和图2所示)。其中最大的熔渣区域有300～400mm见方。笔者认为     

低NOx燃烧器的研制

介绍了采用条缝型火孔结构、稳定火焰、降低火孔热强度，提高一次空气系数，同时采取措施，控制二次空气的自由供入，达到降低NOx的效果；分析和探讨了影响NOx生成的诸多因素及抑制NOx生成的方法。     

BiLaWO6: Er3+/Tm3+/Yb3+ phosphor: Study of multiple fluorescence intensity ratiometric thermometry at cryogenic temperatures

Highly thermally stable Er³⁺/Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺ tri-doped bismuth lanthanum tungstate phosphors were prepared by high temperature solid-state reaction method. The structural and morphological properties of the prepared phosphors were analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersion spectrum (EDS). Visible upconversion (UC) luminescence was measured by exciting the phosphors with 980 nm laser radiation. The dependence of the UC intensity of each emission band of Er³⁺ and Tm³⁺ ions as a function of temperature in the range from 30 to 300 K was monitored. Fluorescence intensity ratios (FIR) of thermally coupled levels (TCL) and non-thermally coupled levels (NTCL) were analysed and verified with appropriate theoretical validation. The absolute (S_A) and relative sensitivities (S_R) were estimated and compared with the reported systems. In the present case of BiLaWO₆: Er³⁺/Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺, S_R (0.43 % K^?1) related to TCL of Er³⁺ UC is found to have maximum sensitivity compared to any of the NTCL combinations at 300 K. From this study we inferred that the S_R values estimated from NTCL are smaller than that of TCL involved in BLW: Er³⁺/Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺ phosphor. The temperature dependent CIE color coordinates were also evaluated in the cryogenic temperature region.     

高孔密度下泡沫铜的填充率对石蜡融化传热机理的影响

基于石蜡和高孔密度的泡沫铜制备了复合相变蓄热材料,设计并搭建了一套可视化蓄热实验装置,分析了高孔密度下泡沫铜填充率对石蜡相变过程的强化传热机理,得到了复合相变蓄热材料的综合传热系数。实验结果表明,当泡沫铜填充率为0、0.43%、1.29%和2.15%时,复合相变材料的综合传热系数先减小后增大,分别为1.26W/(m·K)、1.18W/(m·K)、1.44W/(m·K)和1.88W/(m·K),因此随着泡沫铜填充率的增加,复合相变材料的融化时间先增长后缩短。此外,随着泡沫铜填充率从0.43%增至2.15%,复合相变材料融化时传热机制中导热占比从17.26%上升到86.01%,自然对流占比从82.74%下降到13.99%。     

厦门国际会展中心多功能厅风压分布的数值模拟

本文对厦门国际会展中心建筑物进行数值模拟 ,计算了该会展中心在 0°、4 5°和 90°风向下的平均风压分布 ,并将主楼顶部多功能厅的数值模拟和刚性模型风洞实验结果相比较 ,两者基本吻合 ,表明计算风工程用于确定实际房屋建筑结构表面平均风压分布是可行的 ,也是非常有前途的一种方法。     

城镇体系分析系统的升级开发与研究

首先介绍了城镇体系分析系统 (USAP)的基本功能与应用范围 ;分析了其中功能扩展部分的概念定义、计算方法和软件实现过程 ;介绍了该系统的使用方法 ,包括界面的操作和数据库的录入规则 ;指出该系统中仍然存在的问题和改进方向。     

成都市住宅用地建设强度分区方法初探

成都市住宅用地建设强度分区规划通过人口总量分析住宅建筑总量,确定全市住宅用地平均容积率;根据住宅用地所处区位进行分区、分级,使地块容积率与地块基础设施条件相关;在提高容积率的同时,降低住宅建筑密度,保护居住区的自然环境,形成层次分明、疏密有致的城市形态.     

An aeration energy model for an immersed membrane bioreactor

A simple model for evaluating energy demand arising from aeration of an MBR is presented based on a combination of empirical data for the membrane aeration and biokinetic modelling for the biological aeration. The model assumes that aeration of the membrane provides a proportion of the dissolved oxygen demanded for the biotreatment. The model also assumes, based on literature information sources, a linear relationship between membrane permeability and membrane aeration up to a threshold value, beyond which permeability is unchanged with membrane aeration. The model was benchmarked against two full-scale plant to obtain the most appropriate and conservative value of the slope of the flux:aeration curve and the blower efficiency. Benchmarking in this way produced a match to within 20% of all key process plant operational parameters.The model demonstrated that significant reductions in aeration energy could be obtained through operation at lower flux and reducing the membrane aeration requirement accordingly, so-called “proportional aeration” at lower flows. Similarly, increasing oxygen transfer from membrane aeration would also be expected to decrease energy demand. A sensitivity analysis of some of the key parameters revealed that, of the key operating parameters, loading, SOTE and MLSS concentration remain the most critical in determining energy demand. It is suggested that a key parameter representing membrane aeration in MBRs is the mean in-module air upflow velocity U, since this gives a reasonable representation of the shear applied through membrane aeration. U was found to vary between 0.04 and 0.1 m/s across a number of modern large pilot and full-scale plant.An analysis reveals that significant reductions in energy demand are attained through operating at lower MLSS levels and membrane fluxes. Evidence provided from recent controlled pilot trials implies that halving the flux can reduce the aeration is suggested whereby the number of membrane tanks on line and/or the membrane aeration intensity is adjusted according to the flow, and thus flux, so as to reduce the overall aeration energy demand.